The Fibonacci sequence: each number is the sum of the two before it. 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144...
Count the spirals on a sunflower (going clockwise vs counterclockwise) and you'll always get two Fibonacci numbers next to each other in the sequence. Same with pinecones, pineapples, and the way leaves grow on a stem.
Why? Because Fibonacci spacing is the most efficient way to pack seeds (or leaves) without overlap. Plants didn't compute this — the ones that grew this way did better, and that pattern got passed on. The universe has favorite numbers.
Sit with this: plants found math the same way you find clothes that fit — by trying things until something works.